Skip to main content
Date & Time

Hijri (Islamic) ⇄ Gregorian Calendar Converter

The Islamic calendar (Hijri) is purely lunar — twelve lunar months totalling 354 or 355 days per year, about 11 days shorter than the solar year. That is why Islamic observances (Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, Hajj) shift roughly 11 days earlier each Gregorian year. This tool uses the industry-standard Kuwaiti tabular algorithm: a 30-year cycle in which years 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26 and 29 are leap (11 leap + 19 common years, exactly 10 631 days per cycle) — the same rule used by Microsoft Excel and the .NET HijriCalendar (adjustment 0). It converts in both directions and also reports the Julian Day Number (JDN) and weekday for cross-checking.

Conversion direction

Weekday

Uses the Kuwaiti tabular algorithm (30-year cycle: years 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29 are leap) — same rule as Microsoft .NET HijriCalendar (adjustment 0). The observational Saudi Umm al-Qura table can differ by ±1 day in any month.

Formula

Hijri → JDN: JDN = ⌊(11y + 3) ⁄ 30⌋ + 354y + 30m − ⌊(m−1) ⁄ 2⌋ + d + 1948055 ; AH 1/1/1 ↔ JDN 1948440 (Julian 622-07-16)

Frequently asked

Can I rely on this tool for the actual date of Ramadan and Eid?

Use it for planning and approximate dates — but not for final religious decisions. Reasoning: (1) the tool uses the Kuwaiti tabular algorithm, which is purely deterministic and gives a stable, predictable answer year after year; (2) the actual start of Ramadan and Eid depends on the sighting of the new crescent (hilal), and each major authority (Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Indonesia, Malaysia, ISNA in North America, HMNAO in the UK) announces it based on observation, which may be 1 day earlier or later than the tool. Common reasons for the gap: (a) the new moon exists astronomically but is not visible from the local horizon, pushing the month one day later; (b) different countries see the moon on different evenings, so even neighbours disagree. Recommended workflow: use this tool to mark Ramadan and Eid ±1 day in your planner, then follow your local mosque or national authority for the final ruling.

What are the fundamental differences between the Hijri and Gregorian calendars?

(1) **Astronomical base**: the Gregorian calendar is solar (Earth's orbit, ~365.2422 days/year); the Hijri calendar is purely lunar (the synodic moon cycle, ~29.5306 days/month) with no adjustment for the solar year. (2) **Year length**: Gregorian 365 or 366 days; Hijri 354 or 355 days — about 11 days shorter, so a given Hijri date slides ~11 days earlier on the Gregorian calendar every year. Every ~33 Gregorian years the cycle completes, and Ramadan or any other Hijri month visits every season again. (3) **Seasons**: Gregorian months map permanently to seasons (January is winter, July is summer in the northern hemisphere); Hijri months do not — Ramadan can fall in summer or in winter. (4) **Epochs**: Gregorian counts from the traditional year of Christ's birth; Hijri counts from the Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina (the Hijra, 16 July 622 CE).

Why does someone tell me my Hijri date differs from the Saudi Umm al-Qura by one day?

Because this tool uses the **tabular** Islamic calendar (Kuwaiti algorithm) — a fixed mathematical rule that fills in the leap years and month lengths in advance. The Saudi Umm al-Qura table actually in force since 1422 AH is hand-calibrated by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) using crescent-moon visibility calculations at Mecca, and the two will not match every month. In practice: most months agree, about 30 % of months differ by 1 day, very rarely 2 days. If you must match the Saudi official table exactly, use the aladhan.com API or the KACST published tables. For everyday use — personal planning, document filing, academic citation — the Kuwaiti algorithm output is the standard reference.

Related tools

Age Calculator

From your date of birth, get exact age, Chinese nominal age (虛歲), days lived and days to next birthday.

Date Difference Calculator

Enter any two dates to get the calendar gap, working days, weekend days, plus year/month/day breakdown and total weeks/months.

Time Zone Converter

Pick your local and target cities to convert a given clock time across time zones.

Date Add / Subtract Calculator

Add or subtract years, months, weeks and days from a start date to get the resulting date and weekday.

Business Days Calculator

Count the working days between two dates (excluding weekends) — or add N business days to a start date to find the deadline.

Pregnancy Due Date Calculator

Estimate the due date from your last menstrual period (LMP) using Naegele's rule, plus current gestational week, trimester and key pregnancy milestones.

Time Card Calculator (clock-in / clock-out / break)

Enter clock-in/clock-out times and break minutes to get total hours worked and gross pay — overnight (graveyard) shifts handled automatically.

Day of Year & Week Number Calculator

Pick any date to see which day of the year (1–366), ISO 8601 week number, weekday, and how many days from the start and end of the year.

Day of the Week Calculator (Any Date)

Enter any Gregorian date (past or future) to instantly find the day of the week — useful for birthdays, anniversaries and historical events.

Unix Timestamp ↔ Date Converter

Convert a Unix timestamp (seconds or milliseconds since 1970-01-01 UTC) to UTC, Hong Kong time and RFC 1123 HTTP date — and back. Built for debugging log files, API responses and database fields.

Easter Date Calculator

Pick a year and the Computus algorithm returns Easter Sunday plus Ash Wednesday, Palm Sunday and Good Friday.

Moon Phase Calculator

Enter any date to compute the lunar phase (new, first quarter, full, last quarter …), moon age in days and illuminated fraction.

Chinese Zodiac & Lunar Age Calculator

Find your Chinese zodiac animal, stem-branch element, zodiac year and lunar (nominal) age from any birth date.

Western Zodiac Sign Calculator

Enter your birth date to see your Western zodiac sign (Aries, Taurus, Gemini…) along with its element, modality and opposing sign.

Birthstone Calculator

Pick a birth month to instantly see the modern and traditional birthstones, the birth flower, the spanning zodiac signs and a colour swatch — handy when choosing jewellery or birthday gifts.

Julian Day Number Calculator

Convert a Gregorian calendar date to its Julian Day Number (JDN) and Modified Julian Day (MJD) — used in astronomy, history, and cross-calendar date math.

ISO 8601 Week Number Calculator

Enter any date and compute its ISO 8601 week number, ISO year and weekday — using the Monday-first / first-week-contains-Jan-4 rule.

Time Between Two Times Calculator

Enter two clock times (HH:MM[:SS]) and instantly see the difference in hours, minutes and seconds — with overnight-shift handling and decimal-hour output.

Hong Kong Statutory Annual Leave Calculator

Enter years of service and see the statutory paid annual leave entitlement under the HK Employment Ordinance §41AA.

Half-Birthday Calculator

Enter your date of birth to see when your next half-birthday falls, how many days away it is, and your current half-age (e.g. 33.5 years).

Daylight Hours (Sunrise / Sunset) Calculator

Enter a latitude, longitude and date to get the local sunrise, sunset, solar noon and total daylight hours using the NOAA solar position formula.

Countdown to Date Calculator

Enter a target date and get an instant breakdown of days, weeks, months, hours and minutes remaining — or elapsed for past dates.

Jet Lag Recovery Time Calculator

Enter the number of time zones crossed and direction of travel (eastward or westward) to estimate how many days you typically need to fully adjust to the destination, based on sleep-medicine rules of thumb.

Decimal Hours ↔ HH:MM:SS Converter

Convert between HH:MM:SS and decimal hours both ways — built for payroll, timesheets and lab notebooks.

Generation Calculator (Birth Year)

Enter a birth year to classify yourself by the Pew Research generation cohorts — Greatest, Silent, Boomer, Gen X, Millennial, Gen Z, Gen Alpha or Gen Beta.

Time Adder & Subtractor (HH:MM:SS)

Add or subtract any number of HH:MM:SS durations with automatic carry — handy for totalling video lengths, training sessions or race splits.

Year / Quarter / Month / Week Progress Calculator

Pick any date to see what percentage of the year, quarter, month and week has elapsed and how many days remain — handy for yearly goals, OKR check-ins and progress reports.

Date Format Converter (ISO 8601 / US / EU / JP / Unix)

Pick a date and see it instantly formatted in ISO 8601, RFC 2822, US (MM/DD/YYYY), EU (DD/MM/YYYY), Japanese (YYYY年MM月DD日), Unix timestamp and a dozen other common formats.

Friday the 13th Date Finder

List every Friday the 13th in a given year (or range) and show how many days remain until the next one.

Nth Weekday of the Month Calculator

Pick a month, year, weekday and occurrence (including "last") to get the date — handy for scheduling monthly meetings, paydays and rule-based holidays such as US Thanksgiving (4th Thursday of November).

Weekday Count in Date Range Calculator

Enter a start and end date and instantly see how many Mondays, Tuesdays, … Sundays fall inside the range, plus weekday vs weekend totals — useful for scheduling, payroll, rent and contract counts.

Time to Retirement Calculator

Enter your birth date and target retirement age; the tool returns the exact years, months, days and total days remaining until retirement, plus the calendar date you will retire — useful for financial and life planning.

Sunrise & Sunset Calculator

Enter latitude, longitude and date; the tool applies the NOAA solar position algorithm to return local sunrise, sunset and solar-noon times, plus the length of the day — essential for photography, outdoor activities, agriculture and solar-energy planning.

Fiscal Quarter Calculator (custom fiscal-year start)

Enter a date and your fiscal-year start month; the tool reports the calendar quarter (Q1–Q4), the fiscal quarter and fiscal-year label, the quarter's start/end dates and the percentage of the quarter elapsed — useful for SEC filings, government budgets and SaaS subscription planning.

Working Hours per Year Calculator (with hourly / daily rate)

Enter weekly hours, annual leave days and public holidays; the tool returns net annual working hours after leave and converts a yearly salary into hourly, daily and monthly rates — useful for freelancers, contractors and HR cost planning.

Equinox & Solstice Date Calculator

Enter a Gregorian year and the tool returns the dates and UTC times of the spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox and winter solstice using Jean Meeus’ astronomical formulas — useful for gardening, festival planning, photography and the Chinese solar-term calendar.

Planetary Age Calculator (Your Age on Other Planets)

Enter your birth date; the tool returns your age on Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune using each planet's orbital period — a popular STEM / classroom / museum tool that turns abstract astronomy into a fun, personal number.

Conception Date Estimator

Enter the estimated due date or the last menstrual period (LMP); the tool applies the Naegele rule in reverse to estimate the conception date and fertile window (5 days before to day of ovulation), supporting due dates derived from ultrasound CRL — useful for prenatal planning and medical records.

Palindrome Date Calculator

Enter a date and a format (DD/MM/YYYY, MM/DD/YYYY, YYYY-MM-DD, etc.); the tool tells you whether it is a palindrome date (reads the same forwards and backwards, e.g. 22/02/2022) and lists the next five upcoming palindrome dates. A fun tool for picking wedding dates, anniversaries or other "perfectly symmetric" days.

Next Leap Year Calculator

Enter a starting year; the tool lists the next 5 leap years (Gregorian rule: divisible by 4 but, if divisible by 100, must also be divisible by 400), each with its distance in years from the start, plus the most recent prior leap year. Useful for project deadlines, birthday-on-Feb-29 planning and calendar trivia.

Year Fraction Calculator (Day-Count Conventions: ACT/365, ACT/360, 30/360)

Enter two dates; the tool simultaneously reports the year fraction t under the four most-used day-count conventions (ACT/ACT, ACT/365 Fixed, ACT/360, 30/360 ISDA). Foundational for bond accrued interest, interest-rate swaps, annuities and insurance actuarial calculations.

Age Difference Calculator (Two Birth Dates)

Enter two people's birth dates; the tool returns the gap in years, months and days, plus the total day count and a percent comparison. Answers the most-Googled "how much older am I than my partner / sibling?" question.