Last Day of Month & Days-in-Month Calculator
"What date is the last day of this month?", "Does February have 28 or 29 days this year?", "How many Fridays fall in this month?" — these come up constantly when planning meetings, payroll cut-offs, subscription renewals, credit-card statement dates and monthly reports. This tool returns the *last calendar day + weekday*, *total days in the month*, *count of each weekday (Sun–Sat)* and whether the year is a *Gregorian leap year*. All calculations use UTC to stay timezone-safe.
Enter a valid year (1–9999) and month (1–12).
Last day of the month
30
2026-06-30
Tue
Month at a glance
30 days
Not a leap year (28 Feb)
Weekdays that occur this month
- Sun4
- Mon5
- Tue5
- Wed4
- Thu4
- Fri4
- Sat4
Formula
days_in_month = {1: 31, 3: 31, 5: 31, 7: 31, 8: 31, 10: 31, 12: 31, 4: 30, 6: 30, 9: 30, 11: 30}[month] February = leap ? 29 : 28 leap = (year % 4 == 0 AND year % 100 != 0) OR year % 400 == 0 last_weekday = weekday_of(Date(year, month−1, days_in_month))
- · **Leap-year rule (Gregorian, since 1582)**: (a) divisible by 4 → leap; (b) *except* divisible by 100 → not leap; (c) *unless* divisible by 400 → leap. So 2000, 2024 and 2400 are leap years; 1900, 2100, 2200 and 2300 are not. The "every four years" mnemonic fails at century boundaries.
- · **Days-per-month mnemonic**: "Thirty days hath September, April, June and November; all the rest have thirty-one — except February, with twenty-eight, and twenty-nine each leap year." Code form: 31 for {1,3,5,7,8,10,12}, 30 for {4,6,9,11}, 28/29 for 2.
- · **Weekday counts within a month**: every weekday occurs either *4 or 5 times*. 28-day month → all *4×*; 29-day → one weekday *5×*; 30-day → two *5×*; 31-day → three *5×*. **Rule**: the weekdays that occur 5 times are exactly the 1, 2 or 3 consecutive weekdays *starting on day-1*.
- · **Spreadsheet / SQL equivalents**: (a) **Excel / Google Sheets**: `EOMONTH(start_date, 0)` returns the last day of the same month; `DAY(EOMONTH(d, 0))` gives the number of days in that month. (b) **PostgreSQL**: `(date_trunc("month", d) + interval "1 month - 1 day")::date`. (c) **MySQL**: `LAST_DAY(d)`. (d) **Python**: `calendar.monthrange(y, m)[1]`. (e) **JavaScript**: `new Date(y, m, 0).getDate()` (0-day of next month).
- · **Last specific weekday of the month** (e.g. "last Friday"): take the last calendar day, find its weekday, then step back by `(last_weekday − target_weekday + 7) % 7` days. The tool shows you the last-day weekday so the subtraction is one step.
- · **Month-end business cut-offs**: many companies close books on the *last business day* (Mon–Fri, excluding public holidays). Use this tool to identify the last calendar weekday, then back off 1–2 days if it falls on a weekend. For T+2 or T+3 settlement, subtract a further 2–3 business days.
- · **Sources**: (1) Gregorian calendar reform (Pope Gregory XIII, 1582) & ISO 8601; (2) ECMAScript spec for `Date` UTC behaviour; (3) Microsoft Excel `EOMONTH` reference; (4) PostgreSQL date/time functions.
Frequently asked
In 2024, what date is the last day of February and what weekday is it?
**29 February 2024, Thursday**. Details: (a) 2024 is divisible by 4 (2024 ÷ 4 = 506) and not divisible by 100, so it is a *leap year*; (b) a leap-year February has 29 days; (c) 1 February 2024 is a Thursday, so day-29 (28 days later) is also a *Thursday*; (d) 29 = 4 × 7 + 1, so *only Thursday occurs 5×* in the month; every other weekday is exactly 4×. **Compare**: February 2023 has only 28 days (2023 is not divisible by 4) and ends Tue 28 Feb 2023 with each weekday occurring exactly 4 times.
Is the year 2100 a leap year?
**No, 2100 is not a leap year**. Apply the Gregorian rule: (1) divisible by 4 (2100 ÷ 4 = 525 ✓); *but* (2) divisible by 100 (2100 ÷ 100 = 21 ✓) → not a leap year; *unless* (3) divisible by 400 (2100 ÷ 400 = 5.25 ✗). All three steps fail at step (3), so **2100 has 28 days in February**. **Other century years**: 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, 2200 and 2300 are *not* leap; **1600, 2000 and 2400 are**. The Julian calendar treated every 4th year as leap, including those — fixing the resulting 3-day error over 400 years is exactly what Gregory XIII's 1582 reform did.
How many Fridays are there in May 2025 — can the tool tell me?
**Yes — the tool shows 5 Fridays**. Why: (a) 1 May 2025 is a *Thursday*; (b) May has *31 days*; (c) 31 = 7 × 4 + 3, so *three consecutive weekdays starting day-1* (Thu, Fri, Sat) occur **5 times** and the rest 4 times. **Read the weekday-count grid**: Thu / Fri / Sat = **5**, Sun / Mon / Tue / Wed = **4**. **Practical uses**: (a) a manager scheduling weekly Friday meetings knows there are 5 not 4; (b) HR verifies a "per Friday worked" payroll line item; (c) instructors who collect a weekly assignment every Friday get one extra submission that month.
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