Asian Currency Magnitude Converter (wan / yi / lakh / crore / million / billion)
This tool instantly converts any large value across the three major numbering systems used in global finance: **East-Asian myriad** (萬 / wan = 10⁴, 億 / yi = 10⁸), **Indian numbering** (lakh = 10⁵, crore = 10⁷) and the **Anglo short scale** (million = 10⁶, billion = 10⁹, trillion = 10¹²). Type "2.5 crore" or "150 億" or "1.2 billion" once — every other magnitude updates simultaneously, so you can read an Indian annual report, a Mitsui Sumitomo half-year filing, a PBoC stability report and a *Wall Street Journal* infographic without breaking flow.
Enter a valid number.
All nine magnitudes simultaneously
Unit (one) (1)
—
Raw value
Thousand (10³)
—
K
Wan (萬) (10⁴)
—
CN / JP / KR
Lakh (10⁵)
—
India (लाख)
Million (10⁶)
—
M / mn
Crore (10⁷)
—
India (करोड़)
Yi (億) (10⁸)
—
CN / JP / KR
Billion (10⁹)
—
B / bn (short scale)
Trillion (10¹²)
—
T / tn
Notes
- East-Asian myriad scale — 万 / 萬 (wan) = 10⁴; 億 (yi) = 10⁸. Used in Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese financial copy; that is the convention here. Japanese 兆 = 10¹²; some mainland-Chinese reporting uses 兆 = 10⁶, which this tool deliberately avoids to prevent ambiguity.
- Indian numbering system — lakh = 10⁵; crore = 10⁷ = 100 lakh = 10 million. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Bombay Stock Exchange and every listed-company annual report use these. Larger units (arab = 10⁹, kharab = 10¹¹) are intentionally omitted as rarely used in modern copy.
- Anglo short scale — million = 10⁶; billion = 10⁹; trillion = 10¹². The UK officially adopted the short scale in 1974, so the old long-scale "billion = 10¹²" is now obsolete in financial usage worldwide.
Formula
Taking "one / unit" as the base, the three numbering ladders are: thousand = 10³ wan (萬) = 10⁴ (= 10 thousand) lakh = 10⁵ (= 100 thousand) million = 10⁶ (= 10 lakh = 100 wan) crore = 10⁷ (= 10 million = 100 lakh) yi (億) = 10⁸ (= 100 million = 10 crore = 10 000 wan) billion = 10⁹ (short scale; = 100 crore = 10 yi) trillion = 10¹² (short scale; = 1 兆 in Japanese / Korean usage) Conversion rule: value(unit_B) = value(unit_A) × FACTOR(A) ÷ FACTOR(B)
- · **East-Asian "myriad" footprint**: Chinese (Hong Kong, Taiwan, the Mainland), Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese all step in powers of 10⁴ — 萬 (wan), 億 (yi), 兆 (zhao). **The Nikkei and Yomiuri Shimbun** routinely write figures like "100 億円" (= 10 billion yen). **Korean listed-company filings** use "조 (jo) = 10¹², 억 (eok) = 10⁸". **Watch out**: some Mainland-Chinese tech / astronomy writing borrows SI "mega" and uses 兆 = 10⁶, which clashes with the Japanese 兆 = 10¹². This tool always uses the East-Asian convention 兆 / trillion = 10¹² to avoid ambiguity.
- · **Indian numbering in practice**: the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Bombay and National stock exchanges (BSE / NSE), SEBI and every listed-company annual report use lakh and crore exclusively. **Example**: India's 2024 nominal GDP was ≈ ₹ 315 lakh crore (≈ US$ 3.8 trillion). Note that "lakh crore" is the composite 10⁵ × 10⁷ = 10¹² = 1 trillion — a common construction. **Arab / kharab / nil** (10⁹ / 10¹¹ / 10¹³) are older Sanskrit-derived units, rarely seen in modern finance, and are intentionally omitted.
- · **Short scale vs long scale**: the UK officially adopted the US "short scale" (billion = 10⁹) on **1974-12-18** when PM Harold Wilson announced it in the Commons (Hansard, vol 883, col 1505), aligning with the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and the Philippines. The older long scale (billion = 10¹², trillion = 10¹⁸) survives in some continental-European non-financial writing (German / French / Spanish / Portuguese), but **every international financial report, academic paper and government statistic uses the short scale**. This tool only supports the short scale.
- · **Mis-read examples**: (1) Indian headline "Reliance market cap ₹ 17 lakh crore" is **not** "17 lakh × 1 crore" — it's 17 × 10⁵ × 10⁷ = **1.7 × 10¹³ INR ≈ US$ 200 billion**, putting Reliance among the world's top 50 companies; (2) Nikkei "SoftBank net loss ¥ 9,700 億" is 9,700 × 10⁸ = 9.7 × 10¹¹ yen ≈ US$ 6.5 billion (not 970 億); (3) PBoC report "2023 GDP 126 萬億元" is 126 × 10¹² = 1.26 × 10¹⁴ RMB ≈ US$ 17 trillion. **This tool is designed to validate exactly that class of figure instantly**.
- · **JavaScript precision floor**: IEEE 754 double precision is exact for integers up to ±2⁵³ ≈ 9.007 × 10¹⁵ (Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER). **Trillion (10¹²) is the largest unit listed here** because anything beyond ≈ 10¹⁵ units may lose the last digit or two to floating-point rounding. In practice, government statistics and economics papers very rarely cross 10¹⁵, so the limit is non-binding.
- · **References**: (1) Reserve Bank of India, *Database on Indian Economy* — canonical lakh / crore reporting; (2) Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei) house style — 億 / 兆 usage; (3) Hansard, UK Parliament, 1974-12-18 — Wilson on the short scale; (4) ISO 80000-1:2009, *Quantities and units — General*; (5) NIST SP 811 (2008), *Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)*.
Frequently asked
How big is "1 lakh crore" actually?
**1 lakh crore = 1 lakh × 1 crore = 10⁵ × 10⁷ = 10¹² = 1 trillion**. **In context**: (a) ₹ 1 lakh crore ≈ US$ 12 billion (at ≈ ₹ 83 / $); (b) 1 lakh crore = 10 000 yi (東亞); (c) 1 lakh crore = 1 兆 (Japanese) = 1 萬億 (Chinese short form). **A real example**: Adani Group's 2023 peak market cap reached ≈ ₹ 19 lakh crore (≈ US$ 230 billion) — equivalent to 19 trillion rupees, 190 000 億 rupees and 19 萬億 rupees, all the same number expressed in different ladders.
A 1980s UK Budget paper writes "billion = 10¹²" — why is that wrong today?
**It is not wrong — the definition changed in 1974**. On 1974-12-18 PM Harold Wilson announced in the Commons (Hansard, vol 883, col 1505) that "to align with other major English-speaking countries, government documents will use billion = 10⁹ (= thousand million) from now on." **A transitional period** of ~10 years meant some academic and literary writing still used billion = 10¹². **How to verify today**: (a) context — "UK national debt £ 2.5 billion" written in 1985, with 1985 GDP at £ 350 billion, can only be 10⁹; (b) cross-check with contemporaneous OECD / IMF figures; (c) author nationality — every post-1990 British writer uses the short scale. Long-scale billion = 10¹² still appears in non-financial German, French, Spanish and Portuguese writing.
Is "兆" the same number in Japanese, Mainland Chinese and Taiwanese usage?
**Mainstream answer: Japanese, Korean, Taiwanese Chinese, Hong Kong traditional Chinese all use 兆 = 10¹²** (= 萬億, 1 trillion). **But mainland China has two usages**: (a) **finance, government statistics, everyday writing**: 兆 = 10¹² (= mainstream) — e.g. "China GDP 126 萬億元" is 126 × 10¹²; (b) **a minority of tech, semiconductor and SI-dictionary usage**: 兆 = 10⁶ (= SI prefix mega) — e.g. 兆赫 (MHz) = 10⁶ Hz, 兆瓦 (MW) = 10⁶ W. **That is a borrowed phonetic for SI prefixes**, not the original Chinese meaning of 兆. **This tool always uses 兆 = 10¹²** (East-Asian tradition). If you see 兆赫 / 兆瓦 / 兆字節 (SI-derived terms), interpret 兆 as mega = 10⁶ separately.
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Paste a JSON Web Token (JWT); the tool splits header.payload.signature per RFC 7519, Base64URL-decodes the first two segments into readable JSON, surfaces common claims (alg, typ, iss, sub, aud, exp, iat, nbf) and converts Unix timestamps to local dates — signature verification is intentionally out of scope; this is a debugging tool.
ppm / ppb / ppt ↔ Percent Concentration Converter
Convert concentration units: 1 % = 10 000 ppm = 10⁷ ppb = 10¹⁰ ppt. Enter any one and the tool fills in the other three; for dilute water solutions (density ≈ 1 g/mL) it also shows the equivalent mg/L (≈ ppm), µg/L (≈ ppb) and ng/L (≈ ppt) — useful for lab chemistry, water testing, food-safety standards and air-quality reference.
Color Temperature Mired Calculator (K ↔ Mired + CTO / CTB gel picker)
Enter two colour temperatures in Kelvin; the tool converts them to Mireds via M = 10⁶ ÷ K and uses the difference to recommend the nearest standard CTO (orange, warming) / CTB (blue, cooling) gel strength (Full, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8) — the working unit for photo, video and mixed-source lighting.
Egg Size Substitution Calculator
Recipe calls for 3 Large eggs but your fridge has Medium or Jumbo? Enter the recipe size and count, get the equivalent count for every other size (Small / Medium / Large / Extra Large / Jumbo) based on USDA standard weights, with whole eggs + part-egg whites / yolks to top up.
SMS Character & Segment Count Calculator
Paste your SMS message — the tool auto-detects GSM-7 vs UCS-2 encoding and returns character count and number of SMS segments (160/153 for GSM-7, 70/67 for UCS-2) so you can estimate sending cost.
LED Equivalent Wattage Calculator
Enter an incandescent bulb wattage (e.g. 60 W); using Energy Star's lumens-per-watt standards, the tool returns the equivalent LED watts, CFL watts and total lumens — useful when swapping out old bulbs.
Fresh ↔ Dried Herb Substitution Calculator
Enter fresh herb quantity (tsp / Tbsp / cup); using the industry 3 : 1 fresh-to-dried substitution rule, returns the dried equivalent. Reverses, includes 12 common herb defaults, and accepts a custom ratio.
Salt Volume Conversion (Kosher / Table / Sea) Calculator
Enter the recipe salt amount (tsp / tbsp / g / oz) and source type; the tool returns the equivalent volume in Diamond Crystal, Morton, table, sea and Maldon salt using Serious Eats / Cook's Illustrated bench-tested densities.
Climbing Grade Conversion Calculator (YDS / French / UIAA / V-scale / Font)
Enter a route or boulder grade in any one system; using the IFSC / UIAA / REI conversion table, simultaneously shows the equivalent in the other four common climbing grade systems.
Audio File Size (Bitrate × Duration) Calculator
Enter audio bitrate (kbps / Mbps) and duration (h / m / s); returns the resulting MP3 / AAC / WAV / FLAC file size in MB / GB, with common podcast and music encoding presets for quick reference.
Time Format Converter (Seconds ↔ HH:MM:SS)
Convert between seconds, minutes, hours and HH:MM:SS form — useful for video editing, sports timing and meeting durations.
Vertical Speed Unit Converter (m/s ↔ ft/min ↔ km/h ↔ knots)
Convert between m/s, ft/min, km/h, knots and ft/s — the five vertical-speed units used in aviation instruments, mountaineering and dive ascent-rate guidance.
Butter Unit Converter (Sticks / Grams / Tablespoons / Cups)
Baking butter conversions: enter any one quantity (sticks, grams, tablespoons or cups) and the tool returns the equivalent in the other three units.
Candy / Sugar Stage Temperature Reference Calculator
Enter syrup temperature (°C or °F) to instantly see the candy stage (thread / soft ball / firm ball / hard ball / soft crack / hard crack / light caramel / dark caramel), its full range and typical dessert use.
LED Display Pixel Pitch & Optimal Viewing Distance Calculator
Enter the LED panel pixel pitch (P-value, e.g. P2.5 / P4) plus screen width × height — get the effective resolution, pixel density and the minimum / comfortable / visual-fusion viewing distances so you size the right panel for any AV install.
Pixels Per Degree (PPD) VR / Display Calculator
Enter the horizontal / vertical pixel count and the corresponding field of view (FOV) — get the pixels-per-degree (PPD), the industry-standard metric for comparing VR headsets, monitors and TVs against the retinal-resolution benchmark (~60 PPD).
CSS Aspect Ratio Padding Calculator
Enter an aspect ratio (e.g. 16:9 or 16/9) — instantly get the padding-bottom percentage and matching CSS snippet (plus the modern aspect-ratio property), for responsive video / iframe containers.
RGB ↔ CMYK Color Converter
Enter RGB (0–255) and instantly get the CMYK percentage values (K, C, M, Y), with matching hex code and printing-friendly tips on the screen-sRGB → CMYK gamut gap.