Time Unit Converter (seconds / minutes / hours / days / weeks / months / years / centuries)
Time-unit conversion comes up everywhere from engineering and astronomy to contract terms, sci-fi distance-to-flight-time arithmetic and the everyday "how long is that, really?" question. This tool reports ten common units at once — seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries, millennia — entirely offline. Seconds through weeks use strict SI / astronomical multiples (1 hour = 3 600 s, 1 day = 86 400 s). Months, years and longer units use the IAU Julian year: 1 year = 365.25 days, so 1 month = 365.25 ÷ 12 = 30.4375 days, and 1 century = 36 525 days.
Please enter a valid duration.
In every other unit
Formula
1 minute = 60 s 1 hour = 60 min = 3 600 s 1 day = 24 h = 86 400 s 1 week = 7 d = 604 800 s 1 year (Julian) = 365.25 d = 31 557 600 s 1 month = 1 year ÷ 12 = 30.4375 d 1 century = 100 y = 36 525 d
- · The second (s) is the SI base unit, defined by the caesium-133 hyperfine transition frequency (9 192 631 770 Hz). Under the 2019 SI redefinition this is the universal time reference.
- · The Julian year of 365.25 days is the astronomical convention (the one used in the definition of a light-year). The Gregorian calendar mean year is 365.2425 days — the two agree to about 3 ppm.
- · A "month" here is 1 year ÷ 12 = 30.4375 days — the long-term average used in astronomy and many financial contracts. It is NOT the length of any specific calendar month (28 / 29 / 30 / 31 days).
- · For an exact span between two calendar dates (say 2025-03-01 to 2025-09-15) use a date-difference tool — multiplying months by the average length will be wrong by up to ~1 day.
- · Decade, century and millennium are simply ×10, ×100 and ×1000 of the Julian year. Old texts sometimes give "1 century = 36 500 days" (using a plain year of 365 d) versus 36 525 d (Julian) — a 1-day discrepancy.
- · References: BIPM SI Brochure 9th ed. (second definition); IAU 1976 Resolution B1 (Julian year); NIST SP 811 (units guide).
Frequently asked
Why is 1 month = 30.4375 days here? My phone calendar does not work like that.
Calendar months are 28, 29, 30 or 31 days, and the real length depends on which month. But the word "month" as a UNIT (as in "2.5 months from now") needs a fixed constant before you can add, subtract or multiply. This tool uses 1 month = 1 year ÷ 12 = 365.25 ÷ 12 = 30.4375 days — the standard convention in astronomy and most long-term contracts. If your real question is "what calendar date is 3 months from today?" use a date-add tool; if it is "3 months ≈ how many days or seconds?" then the 91.3125 days here is the correct answer.
Why use the Julian year (365.25 days) instead of the Gregorian mean year (365.2425 days)?
The difference is 0.0075 day/year ≈ 3 ppm — negligible for everyday conversions. We pick the Julian year because (1) it is the IAU official convention; (2) the light-year (9.4607 × 10¹⁵ m) is defined with it; (3) the arithmetic is clean — 1 century = 36 525 days, 1 millennium = 365 250 days, both multiples of 25 and easy to remember. The Gregorian mean of 365.2425 makes a century 36 524.25 days — there is no point introducing a fractional day for < 1 ppm of accuracy. When you actually need calendar-day precision, use a date-difference tool instead.
How many seconds in a year? I have seen the π × 10⁷ mnemonic in interview questions.
The exact figure: 1 Julian year = 365.25 × 86 400 = 31 557 600 seconds. Mnemonic: π × 10⁷ ≈ 3.14159 × 10⁷ ≈ 31 415 927 seconds — off by about −0.45 % (so the true value is about 1.0045π × 10⁷). Physicists and engineers use the π × 10⁷ shortcut for order-of-magnitude work (e.g. "light travels 1 light-year in π × 10⁷ s × 3 × 10⁸ m/s ≈ 10¹⁶ m"). For 3-or-more significant figures use 31.56 Ms instead.
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