Knife Edge / Bevel Angle Calculator

Cm, m, km, in, ft, yd, mi — common length units, converted instantly.

Convert between Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F) and Kelvin (K) instantly.

Enter your foot length or a size in any system to see the equivalent US / UK / EU and centimetre sizes.

Pick a paper size (A0–A10, B / C series, Letter, Legal, card sizes) to see its mm / cm / inch / pixel dimensions.

Convert a number simultaneously between binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal — useful for programmers, students and electronics work.

From an aspect ratio and one side, find the other; or from a diagonal and ratio, get real width and height (4:3, 16:9, 21:9 …).

Convert between bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB and PB — distinguishing decimal (1000-base, drive labels) from binary (1024-base, OS-reported).

Convert between HEX (#RRGGBB), RGB(0–255) and HSL(0–360, 0–100, 0–100) instantly — with a live colour preview swatch.

Convert a P-metric tire spec (e.g. 225/65R17) into sidewall height, overall diameter, circumference and revolutions per km — and compare against a reference size to see speedometer error.

Convert between joules, kilojoules, calories, kilocalories, kilowatt-hours, BTU and watt-hours in a single view — for nutrition labels, electricity bills, heating and fuel comparisons.

Convert between Pa, kPa, bar, mbar, atm, psi, mmHg, Torr and inHg in a single view — all the everyday pressure units.

Convert between N·m, kgf·m, kgf·cm, lbf·ft, lbf·in and ozf·in — all the torque units used on torque wrenches, bicycle bolts and car service specs.

Convert between degrees, radians, gradians, turns, arcminutes, arcseconds, milliradians and NATO mil — with live sin/cos/tan values for reference.

Convert between L/100km, km/L, US MPG and UK (imperial) MPG — compare car efficiency figures across regions without arithmetic.

Convert between W, kW, MW, mechanical horsepower (hp), metric horsepower (PS), BTU/hr, ft·lbf/s, cal/s, kcal/h and refrigeration tons in one view.

Pick a root font-size (defaults to 16 px) and convert any CSS pixel, rem, em, percentage or point value into the others, with a reference table for common sizes.

Convert alcohol by volume (ABV %) to US proof and UK proof, plus compute grams of pure alcohol and "standard drinks" per pour for US / UK / AU / HK.

Convert network bandwidth (kbps, Mbps, Gbps) to file-transfer rate (KB/s, MB/s, MiB/s) and estimate how long a given file size takes.

Kilograms, grams, milligrams, pounds, ounces, stones, tonnes, jin and tael — common mass units, converted instantly.

Enter battery capacity (mAh) and voltage (V) to get watt-hours (Wh) instantly — with a live IATA airline check (100 Wh / 160 Wh cut-offs).

Enter underbust and bust (or pick a local size) to convert bra sizes across US, UK, EU, AU and JP standards.

Enter inner circumference (mm) or diameter to cross-reference US, UK, EU, JP and HK ring sizes.

Square metres, hectares, acres, square feet, square miles and more — common area units, converted instantly.

Litres, millilitres, cubic metres, US and imperial gallons, quarts, pints, fluid ounces, cups, tablespoons and teaspoons — converted instantly.

Convert freely between km/h, mph, m/s, ft/s, knots and Mach number.

Enter foreground and background hex colors to compute the WCAG 2.x contrast ratio (1:1 to 21:1) and see whether the pair passes AA / AAA accessibility levels for normal and large text.

Look up the diameter (mm), cross-sectional area (mm²), resistance per kilometre and safe ampacity for any American Wire Gauge (AWG) size — handy for low-voltage wiring design.

Convert between Hz, kHz, MHz, GHz, THz, RPM and BPM — one input fills every other unit instantly.

Convert between newtons (N), kilonewtons (kN), pound-force (lbf), kilogram-force (kgf), dyne and ounce-force (ozf) — bridging SI, imperial and CGS force units used in physics and engineering.

Convert magnetic flux density between tesla (T), millitesla (mT), microtesla (µT), gauss (G) and milligauss (mG) — handy for comparing MRI fields, Earth field, speakers and lab magnets across very different scales.

Enter parcel length × width × height and DIM divisor (IATA air 6000 cm³/kg, express 5000, UPS/FedEx US 139 in³/lb) to compute volumetric weight and compare it with actual weight to find the chargeable weight.

Convert Cartesian (x, y) ↔ polar (r, θ) coordinates in either direction with a degree/radian toggle — useful for math, physics, engineering and game-development work.

Enter any distance and the tool converts it across metres, kilometres, miles, Earth–Moon distance, astronomical units (AU), light-years, parsecs and light-travel time — useful for astronomy, science fiction and classroom prep.

Enter a scale ratio (e.g. 1:25 000) and a measured map distance; the tool returns the real-world distance, or works in reverse from real distance to map distance — useful for hiking, map reading and town planning.

Two-way conversion between degrees–minutes–seconds (D° M′ S″) and decimal degrees — the standard need when juggling GPS coordinates, astronomy, surveying and marine navigation. Supports signed values for south latitude and west longitude.

Enter your head circumference (cm or inches); the tool maps it to US (fitted and fractional), UK, EU (cm) and Japanese hat sizes plus the S/M/L/XL range — useful for buying New Era caps, fedoras, baseball caps and helmet liners online.

Convert between kilowatt (kW), mechanical horsepower (HP), metric horsepower (PS / cheval-vapeur), brake horsepower (BHP), and foot-pound-force per second — the standard unit set for cars, engines, generators and power tools across UK / US / EU / JP markings.

Enter the luminous flux (lumens, lm) of a fixture and the lit area; the tool returns the illuminance (lux = lm/m²) and can solve for the lumens required to hit a target lux — used for room lighting design, photography, grow lights and workplace illuminance planning.

Enter wheel diameter (or circumference) and RPM (or speed); the tool applies C = π·d to return rolling distance per revolution, distance per minute and the matching road speed (km/h, mph) — useful for bikes, cars, conveyors, gears and physics class.

Enter image pixels (e.g. 24 MP or 6000 × 4000) and target print resolution (300 DPI photo, 240 DPI relaxed, 150 DPI poster); the tool returns the maximum print size in inches and cm, and works in reverse to find the megapixels needed for a desired print — a workhorse for photo printing, poster design and album layout.

Enter a track's BPM and the tool returns the millisecond delay time for every common note value — whole, half, quarter, eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second — plus dotted and triplet variants. Essential for producers setting echo, reverb pre-delay and sidechain timing in any DAW.

Enter video duration (minutes), video bitrate (Mbps) and audio bitrate (kbps); the tool computes the resulting file size in GB ⁄ MB and runs the inverse: given a target file size, what bitrate fits. Handy for YouTube uploads, streaming budgets and estimating SD-card / cloud-storage requirements.

Enter text or Morse code; the tool converts in either direction using the ITU-R M.1677-1 international Morse alphabet (letters, digits and standard punctuation), with conventional 3-space letter gaps and 7-space word gaps. Standard reference for amateur radio (HAM), scouting and emergency-comms training.

Enter wind speed in any unit (m/s, km/h, mph or knots); the tool maps it to Beaufort force 0–12 per the WMO standard, with the official sea-state and land-condition description. The international shorthand for sailors, hikers, aviators and outdoor sports.

Enter R-value (thermal resistance) or U-value (thermal transmittance); the tool flips them via U = 1 ⁄ R and converts between SI (m²·K/W) and US (ft²·°F·h/BTU) units — the foundational conversion for roof, wall and window insulation specifications.

Enter a paper weight in either GSM (metric grammage) or US-system pounds (bond, cover, text, index or tag) and the tool converts in both directions via the basis-weight ratio, plus shows typical use cases (copy paper, business cards, posters, magazine covers) — handy for print buying, design specs and comparing imported paper stock.

Slope can be expressed three ways: percent grade (rise⁄run × 100 %), degrees (arctan(rise⁄run)) or ratio (1:N). Enter any one and the tool instantly converts to the other two — useful for hiking, cycling, road signs, accessibility ramps and roof pitch.

Enter a blood glucose value; the tool converts between mg/dL and mmol/L — the two globally-used units (mg/dL in the US, mmol/L in Europe, China, Hong Kong and elsewhere). Essential when reading lab reports across borders.

Enter your HbA1c value; the tool converts between NGSP units (%) and IFCC units (mmol/mol) — both are used in clinical practice worldwide, and diabetes monitoring requires reading reports in the right unit.

Enter total cholesterol, LDL, HDL or triglycerides; the tool converts between mg/dL and mmol/L using the standard conversion factors (38.67 for cholesterol classes, 88.57 for triglycerides) — useful when reading US-style and European-style lipid panels.

Enter a gas concentration (ppm or mg/m³), molecular weight, temperature and pressure; the tool converts in both directions via the ideal-gas law — used in indoor air quality, occupational safety (OSHA / NIOSH PELs) and environmental monitoring.

Enter diopters (D) or focal length (mm / m / inch); the tool converts both ways via P = 1 / f(m) — used for eyeglass prescriptions, myopia / presbyopia correction, close-up filters and magnifier ratings.

Enter a duration in any unit (seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries, millennia) and the tool converts to every other unit simultaneously — using year = 365.25 days (IAU Julian) and month = 30.4375 days.

Enter the lamp wattage W and luminous efficacy (lm / W) — or known lumens and efficacy — and the tool uses lm = W × η to convert between input power and light output, with built-in reference efficacies for incandescent, halogen, CFL and LED bulbs — essential when picking the right LED brightness to replace an old wattage bulb.

Pick gender (men / women) and garment type (tops / bottoms), enter any region size; the tool instantly returns the matching US, UK, EU and JP sizes alongside the standard bust / chest / waist range — essential for online shopping, travel and overseas purchases.

Enter the karat (24K = pure), percent purity, or millesimal fineness (999 = pure); the tool simultaneously shows all three values and the international hallmark grade it corresponds to (e.g. 750, 585, 375) — useful for buying jewellery, scrap-gold valuation and customs checks.

Enter a frame rate (24 / 25 / 29.97 / 30 / 60 / 120 fps or custom) and clip duration; the tool reports frame duration (ms), total frames, and cross-references industry standards — film, PAL, NTSC, web, high-speed — useful for post-production, animation timing and game-engine work.

Enter image width, height, colour mode (grayscale / RGB / RGBA / CMYK) and bit depth (8 / 10 / 12 / 16 bit); the tool returns the uncompressed raw size and estimates for high-quality JPEG, standard JPEG, low-quality JPEG and lossless PNG.

Enter water hardness in any unit (gpg, ppm/mg-L CaCO₃, mmol/L, German degrees °dH, French °fH, English °eH); the tool converts to all other units at once and classifies the water as soft, moderately hard, hard or very hard.

Enter density in any unit; the tool converts to kg/m³, g/cm³ (= g/mL), lb/ft³, lb/US gal, lb/UK gal and kg/L at once — useful in engineering design, chemistry labs and shipping payload calculations.

Enter a volumetric flow rate in any unit (L/s, L/min, m³/h, US gpm, UK gpm, ft³/s (cfs), ft³/min (cfm), etc.); the tool converts to all the other common units at once — handy for pumps, HVAC, fire-protection and irrigation work.

Convert between effective-dose units (Sievert, Rem, mSv, µSv, mrem) and absorbed-dose units (Gray, Rad, mGy) using the standard 1 Sv = 100 Rem and 1 Gy = 100 Rad ratios — essential for radiation safety, medical imaging and nuclear-engineering work.

Convert between dynamic viscosity (Pa·s, Poise, cP, lbf·s/ft²) and kinematic viscosity (m²/s, Stokes, cSt) — essential for fluid mechanics, lubricants, chemical engineering and food processing.

Convert instantly between metres-per-second² (SI), feet-per-second² (imperial), g (standard gravity 9.80665 m/s²), gal (CGS, used in geophysics), km/h-per-second and mph-per-second — essential for physics class, vehicle testing, seismology and aerospace.

Convert refrigeration capacity between US tons of refrigeration (TR / RT), kilowatts (kW), BTU/h, kcal/h and horsepower — essential for HVAC sizing, chiller specs and data-centre heat-load estimation.

Enter a hardness value in Vickers (HV), Brinell (HB) or Rockwell C (HRC); the tool converts to the other two scales and the approximate ultimate tensile strength (UTS, MPa) using the ASTM E140 / ISO 18265 conversion table — essential for heat-treatment work, mechanical engineering and QA on steels.

Convert between farads (F), millifarads (mF), microfarads (μF), nanofarads (nF) and picofarads (pF) — instantly. The grid below shows every unit at once for quick cross-reference. Essential for circuit design, datasheet reading and decoding legacy schematics that still use "mfd" or "MFD".

Convert between common volumetric flow-rate units (L/s, L/min, m³/h, m³/s, US GPM, UK GPM, CFM, CFS, barrels/day) — essential for water treatment, HVAC, chemical engineering, irrigation and oil & gas.

Convert between color temperature (K) and mireds (M = 10⁶ / K), with reference values for common sources (candle, tungsten, daylight, overcast) — essential for photography filters, cinema lighting and smart-LED tuning.

Enter a value in any CSS length unit and the tool simultaneously shows the equivalents in px, rem, em, pt, pc, cm, mm and in — using the W3C-standard 16 px = 1 rem and 96 px = 1 in conversions, with a custom root-font-size knob for design-system and typography work.

Enter feet + inches (e.g. 5'10") or cm / m and the tool returns all three forms simultaneously — the one-to-one conversion between the US / UK foot-and-inch height format and metric cm / m, suited for medical records, visa forms, athlete profiles and apparel sizing.

Air-conditioners, heat pumps, heaters and saunas are usually rated in BTU/h, but engineering and electrical nameplates use W or kW. The tool converts both ways using the international 1 W = 3.412141633 BTU/h, and also shows the equivalent kW, mechanical horsepower (HP) and refrigeration tons (TR) — a standard HVAC-sizing, appliance-comparison and energy-audit tool.

Enter file size (GB / MB) and connection bandwidth (Mbps / Gbps); the tool returns the theoretical minimum download time (seconds / minutes / hours) and warns that TCP/IP overhead adds 5–15 % to real-world figures — the standard estimate before streaming uploads, cloud backups or Steam game pulls.

Enter your head circumference (cm or inches); the tool maps it to the main bicycle-helmet sizing chart (Giro, Bell, POC, Specialized, Bontrager) and returns the matching XS/S/M/L/XL band plus brand-by-brand cm ranges across the 51–65 cm spectrum.

Enter your hand circumference (measure around the palm excluding the thumb); the tool returns equivalents in US numeric (6–11), EU numeric (same as palm inches), UK / Japan cm and the S/M/L/XL letter band — handy when ordering work, ski, motorcycle or fashion gloves from overseas.

Enter any value with its unit — wan (10⁴), yi (10⁸), lakh (10⁵), crore (10⁷), million, billion or trillion; the tool simultaneously outputs the other eight common magnitudes — built for reading Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Anglo-American financial news, cross-border prospectuses and annual reports.

Type a string or name; the tool instantly spells it out using the ICAO / NATO 1956 phonetic alphabet (Alfa, Bravo, Charlie…) — the global radio-spelling standard for phone calls, aviation, military and emergency services to avoid confusing letters that sound alike (B vs P, M vs N).

Enter plain text or a Base64 string; the tool encodes / decodes both directions per RFC 4648 (with UTF-8 encoding) — used for data: URLs, HTTP Basic Auth, JWTs, email attachments, SSH keys and other developer use cases. Shows input and output byte length.

Enter plain text or an encoded URL; the tool applies RFC 3986 percent-encoding both directions (space → %20, non-ASCII → UTF-8 byte sequence) — used for URL query strings, form submissions and API parameters. Choose between encodeURI and encodeURIComponent modes.

Enter a single character or codepoint (decimal, hex, or U+NNNN); the tool converts both directions and lists the Unicode codepoint, UTF-8 byte sequence and HTML numeric entities (&#dec; / &#xhex;) — useful for debugging character encoding, emoji, CJK text and control characters.

Paste a JSON Web Token (JWT); the tool splits header.payload.signature per RFC 7519, Base64URL-decodes the first two segments into readable JSON, surfaces common claims (alg, typ, iss, sub, aud, exp, iat, nbf) and converts Unix timestamps to local dates — signature verification is intentionally out of scope; this is a debugging tool.

Convert concentration units: 1 % = 10 000 ppm = 10⁷ ppb = 10¹⁰ ppt. Enter any one and the tool fills in the other three; for dilute water solutions (density ≈ 1 g/mL) it also shows the equivalent mg/L (≈ ppm), µg/L (≈ ppb) and ng/L (≈ ppt) — useful for lab chemistry, water testing, food-safety standards and air-quality reference.

Enter two colour temperatures in Kelvin; the tool converts them to Mireds via M = 10⁶ ÷ K and uses the difference to recommend the nearest standard CTO (orange, warming) / CTB (blue, cooling) gel strength (Full, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8) — the working unit for photo, video and mixed-source lighting.

Recipe calls for 3 Large eggs but your fridge has Medium or Jumbo? Enter the recipe size and count, get the equivalent count for every other size (Small / Medium / Large / Extra Large / Jumbo) based on USDA standard weights, with whole eggs + part-egg whites / yolks to top up.

Paste your SMS message — the tool auto-detects GSM-7 vs UCS-2 encoding and returns character count and number of SMS segments (160/153 for GSM-7, 70/67 for UCS-2) so you can estimate sending cost.

Enter an incandescent bulb wattage (e.g. 60 W); using Energy Star's lumens-per-watt standards, the tool returns the equivalent LED watts, CFL watts and total lumens — useful when swapping out old bulbs.

Enter fresh herb quantity (tsp / Tbsp / cup); using the industry 3 : 1 fresh-to-dried substitution rule, returns the dried equivalent. Reverses, includes 12 common herb defaults, and accepts a custom ratio.

Enter the recipe salt amount (tsp / tbsp / g / oz) and source type; the tool returns the equivalent volume in Diamond Crystal, Morton, table, sea and Maldon salt using Serious Eats / Cook's Illustrated bench-tested densities.

Enter a route or boulder grade in any one system; using the IFSC / UIAA / REI conversion table, simultaneously shows the equivalent in the other four common climbing grade systems.

Enter audio bitrate (kbps / Mbps) and duration (h / m / s); returns the resulting MP3 / AAC / WAV / FLAC file size in MB / GB, with common podcast and music encoding presets for quick reference.

Convert between seconds, minutes, hours and HH:MM:SS form — useful for video editing, sports timing and meeting durations.

Convert between m/s, ft/min, km/h, knots and ft/s — the five vertical-speed units used in aviation instruments, mountaineering and dive ascent-rate guidance.

Baking butter conversions: enter any one quantity (sticks, grams, tablespoons or cups) and the tool returns the equivalent in the other three units.

Enter syrup temperature (°C or °F) to instantly see the candy stage (thread / soft ball / firm ball / hard ball / soft crack / hard crack / light caramel / dark caramel), its full range and typical dessert use.

Enter the LED panel pixel pitch (P-value, e.g. P2.5 / P4) plus screen width × height — get the effective resolution, pixel density and the minimum / comfortable / visual-fusion viewing distances so you size the right panel for any AV install.

Enter the horizontal / vertical pixel count and the corresponding field of view (FOV) — get the pixels-per-degree (PPD), the industry-standard metric for comparing VR headsets, monitors and TVs against the retinal-resolution benchmark (~60 PPD).

Enter an aspect ratio (e.g. 16:9 or 16/9) — instantly get the padding-bottom percentage and matching CSS snippet (plus the modern aspect-ratio property), for responsive video / iframe containers.

Enter RGB (0–255) and instantly get the CMYK percentage values (K, C, M, Y), with matching hex code and printing-friendly tips on the screen-sRGB → CMYK gamut gap.

Enter a decimal inch (e.g. 0.625") or millimetres (e.g. 15.875 mm) to get the nearest 1/16, 1/32 or 1/64 inch fraction — or enter a fraction to get decimal and millimetres. Essential for woodworking, machining and 3D printing.

Enter the streaming bitrate in Mbps and daily viewing hours to instantly convert to GB / TB usage per hour, day and month — useful for home broadband data caps, mobile plans and Netflix / YouTube quality settings.

When playing 21:9 film on a 16:9 screen (or 4:3 video on 16:9), black bars appear. Enter content vs screen aspect ratio plus screen size to get bar height/width in pixels or cm.

Enter a US CAMI grit number or European FEPA P number — get the equivalent abrasive grain size in microns, the nearest match in the other system, and a roughness class with typical applications. The standard reference for woodworking, automotive bodywork and metal finishing.

Enter an inch-fraction, metric mm, US wire-gauge number (#80–#1) or letter size (A–Z); the tool returns equivalents in all other systems plus the closest standard stock size. Essential for DIY, machining, woodworking and modelling.

Enter a US needle number (0–50), legacy UK / Canadian number (000–14), metric diameter in mm, or crochet hook letter (B–S); the tool maps it to all three systems. Essential when following foreign knitting patterns.

Enter an Arabic number (up to 999.9 billion); the tool outputs both the common Chinese form (一二三) and the formal capital form (壹貳參, used on bank cheques) — for legal documents, receipts and cheques.

Enter your tire width (mm) and wheel bead-seat diameter (622 / 584 / 559 …); the tool returns the ETRTO label, the inch road shorthand (700×25c), the MTB decimal-inch label (26×1.95), the French label (700C / 650B), plus estimated outer diameter and rolled circumference — essential for tire replacement, cycle-computer setup and overseas ordering.

Enter foot length (cm) or any sock-size system (US M/L/XL, EU 39–46, JP 24–28, UK 6–12); the tool returns the equivalent across all systems — handy for online shopping and overseas gift-giving.

Pick the metal type (standard steel / galvanized / aluminum) and gauge number to look up the corresponding thickness in mm and inches.

Convert blood glucose readings between mg/dL and mmol/L, with the fasting normal / prediabetes / diabetes reference bands.

Convert total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides between mg/dL and mmol/L (÷38.67 for cholesterol, ÷88.57 for triglycerides).

Convert a child's age and height into US / UK / EU standard children's clothing sizes.

Map foot width (mm) and shoe size to US width letters (B / D / 2E / 4E …) for men's and women's lasts.

Convert a child's age or foot length (cm) into US / UK / EU kids' shoe sizes.

Convert between the units used in print typography — points, picas, inches, millimetres and centimetres.

Convert a conventional-oven recipe’s temperature and time to air-fryer settings (typically about 15–20°C / 25°F lower and roughly 20% less time).

Convert text to 8-bit binary code character by character, or decode binary back to text, with UTF-8 support.

Convert text to hexadecimal byte codes, or decode hex back to text, with UTF-8 support.

Find the closest matching wrench/spanner size between metric millimetres and imperial fractional inches.

Convert jeans waist size (W in inches) to EU sizes and centimetres for men's and women's cuts.

After fitting a different tire size, compute your true speed, speedometer error and odometer error from the original and new tire specs.

Add or subtract two feet-and-inches lengths and see the result in feet-inches, total inches, centimetres and metres.

Convert illuminance between lux, foot-candles, phot and kilolux in one step.

Type a number written in English words (e.g. "two thousand and twenty-five") to convert it into digits like 2025.

Turn your pants waist size into the right belt size in inches, cm, EU code and S/M/L.

Convert your neck/collar measurement into dress-shirt sizes (collar inches, cm, EU code and S/M/L).

Map US/UK mattress size names to their actual length and width in inches and cm.

Enter your baby’s weight to find the recommended diaper size (Newborn and Size 1–6) from standard weight ranges.

Estimate how many photos or how much video a memory card of a given size can hold.

Convert US screw gauge numbers (#0–#14) to and from diameter in mm and inches.

Convert an opacity percentage to and from the alpha byte (00–FF) of an 8-digit hex colour for CSS.

Convert a decimal number to its IEEE 754 single/double-precision sign, exponent and mantissa bits.

Convert font sizes between pt, px, rem and em with a configurable base font size — handy for CSS and typography.

Convert baking ingredients between US cups and grams by density (flour, sugar, butter, honey and more) for more accurate baking.

Convert between sieve mesh number and micron opening size using the US standard (ASTM E11) sieve table.

Convert between thread pitch in millimetres and threads per inch (TPI), and count threads over a given length.

From a screen’s diagonal size and aspect ratio, work out its actual width, height and display area.

Convert women’s dress and clothing sizes between US, UK, EU, Italian and letter (XS–XXL) standards.

Convert cups, tablespoons and teaspoons to grams and ounces by ingredient (flour, sugar, butter, water and more).

Convert between wheel offset (mm) and backspacing (in) from the rim width, and vice-versa, to compare wheels and check fitment.

Look up nail length (inches and mm) from a US penny size (d), or find the nearest penny size for a given length.

Convert a wind speed (m/s, km/h, knots or mph) into its Beaufort force number (0–12) with the wind name and the effects seen on land and at sea.

Convert yarn fineness between the direct system (denier, tex, dtex) and the indirect system (metric count Nm, English cotton count Ne).