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Wilks Score Calculator (Powerlifting Normalisation)

The Wilks score is the most widely used "cross-weight, cross-sex" fairness metric in powerlifting. Robert Wilks (1994) regressed thousands of competition results into a fifth-order polynomial in body weight that gives a per-lifter "Wilks coefficient"; multiplying by the meet total (squat + bench + deadlift) yields the score. By construction, an equal Wilks score for a man and a woman represents roughly equal relative strength, so cross-sex comparisons are legitimate. The tool ships both Wilks 2 (2020 revision, multiplier 600) and Wilks 1 (1994 original, multiplier 500). Wilks 2 corrects the original's under-weighting of light women and over-weighting of heavy men, and is the dominant choice in newer federations and training trackers. The IPF switched to IPF GL Points in 2020, but Wilks remains standard outside the IPF and for personal training comparisons.

Sex

Wilks score

Population tier (rough)

< 200 200–300 300–400 400–500 ≥ 500

Wilks coefficient:

The IPF switched to IPF GL Points in 2020; Wilks is still widely used outside IPF meets and for training comparisons.

Formula

Wilks coefficient = M ⁄ (a + b·BW + c·BW² + d·BW³ + e·BW⁴ + f·BW⁵) ; Wilks score = Total(kg) × coefficient ; Wilks 2 multiplier M = 600;Wilks 1 multiplier M = 500

Frequently asked

Wilks vs IPF GL Points — which should I use?

In 2020 the IPF officially replaced Wilks with IPF GL Points for its meets, because Wilks still showed bias across equipment categories and sexes. GL Points use an exponential / saturation form: 100 × Total(kg) ⁄ (A − B · e^(−C·BW)), with separate parameter sets for classic-raw, equipped, and bench-only events (the IPF retuned them several times between 2020 and 2022). Practical choice: (1) if you compete in IPF-affiliated federations (IPF, USAPL, USPA, …) → use GL Points; (2) if you compete in non-IPF feds (SPF, RPS, APF, WRPF, …) → Wilks is still standard; (3) for personal training tracking or community comparisons → Wilks (especially Wilks 2) remains the most widely understood number. This tool currently ships Wilks; an IPF GL Points calculator may follow.

What counts as a "good" Wilks score?

Rough ballpark (Wilks 2, raw): (a) under 1 yr training → 200–280 is normal; (b) recreational 2–4 yr → 300–400 is solid; (c) serious 5+ yr → 400–500 is advanced; (d) regional / national meet level → 500–600; (e) world-class → 600+ (for women, 500+ is already world-class). Worked examples: male, 90 kg body weight, 220 / 150 / 250 = 620 kg total → Wilks 2 ≈ 476 (advanced); female, 60 kg, 110 / 60 / 130 = 300 kg → Wilks 2 ≈ 360 (upper intermediate). World-record holders such as Jesús Olivares (super-heavyweight) push Wilks 2 past 700 — extremely rare. Caveat: Wilks does not measure absolute strength. A 100 kg lifter putting up 800 kg and a 60 kg lifter putting up 480 kg might score the same Wilks, but only the former wins meets where ranking is by total.

Why do Wilks 1 and Wilks 2 differ by 2–5 % for the same lift?

Because the two polynomials were regressed on different datasets and with different constraints. Wilks 1 (1994) was fit on early-1990s IPF data with limited sample size, especially for very light women. Wilks 2 (2020) is Robert Wilks's re-fit on 20+ years of additional competition data, with a constraint on the derivative at extreme body weights to remove a known "heavier = automatically higher" bias. The bump from multiplier 500 → 600 is cosmetic — chosen so that elite scores fall in a similar visual range as Sinclair (weightlifting) and IPF GL (powerlifting). Practical impact: light women (< 60 kg) typically score 4–8 % higher under Wilks 2; super-heavyweight men (120+ kg) typically score 3–5 % lower; middle weight classes differ by 1–2 %. Rule of thumb when comparing old Wilks 1 numbers: Wilks 1 ≈ Wilks 2 × 0.95–1.05.

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