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Science

GPS Distance Calculator (Haversine)

Enter two latitude/longitude pairs (WGS84) and instantly get the great-circle distance on the Earth's surface — the shortest path along the sphere — together with initial / final bearing and the midpoint.

Point A
Point B
Quick presets:

Great-circle distance

Initial bearing

Final bearing

Midpoint

Haversine formula

a = sin²(Δφ/2) + cos φ₁ · cos φ₂ · sin²(Δλ/2); d = 2R · atan2(√a, √(1−a))

Great-circle distance on a spherical Earth using the IUGG mean radius R = 6371.0088 km. Real flight tracks are usually longer because of routing, restricted airspace and prevailing winds.

Formula

a = sin²(Δφ/2) + cos φ₁ · cos φ₂ · sin²(Δλ/2); d = 2R · atan2(√a, √(1−a))

Frequently asked

Why does the driving distance on Google Maps differ from this number?

Google Maps driving distance follows the actual road network — you cannot fly over rivers, seas or mountains. Haversine gives the shortest straight line across the Earth's surface (a great circle), so the two can differ significantly, especially when crossing oceans or mountain ranges.

Is the haversine distance the same as the actual flight distance?

Usually close but slightly longer. Airlines plan around great-circle routes but actual tracks are stretched by published airways, airspace restrictions, avoiding no-fly zones and riding the jet stream — typically 1–5% longer than the haversine value.

What is the difference between a nautical mile (nmi) and a statute mile (mi)?

1 nautical mile = 1.852 km (an international standard, originally one minute of arc along a meridian) and is used in aviation and seafaring. 1 statute mile = 1.609344 km, the everyday US / Imperial mile. 1 nmi ≈ 1.151 mi.

What latitude/longitude formats can I paste in?

Decimal degrees only — e.g. 22.3193 and 114.1694. If your coordinates are in DMS (degrees-minutes-seconds) like 22°19′10″N 114°10′10″E, convert first: degrees + minutes/60 + seconds/3600, with south and west negative.

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